Thomas Butters (1790-1844) was a grocer and confectioner, initially near Leicester Square in central London. Thomas and his wife Elizabeth Hunt had 6 children, including an optician / plate glass manufacturer, a hospital matron, a tobacconist, a domestic cook and the wife of a tobacconist /pocket-book maker.
Smallish DNA matches with a descendant of Thomas Butters suggest he could be a relative (perhaps uncle) of my 3 x great grandfather James David Butters (abt 1814-1855).
Thomas Butters and Elizabeth Hunt
Thomas Butters (1790-1844) married Elizabeth Hunt (1796-1858) on 14 November 1816 at St Andrew’s, Holborn (central London). The witnesses were John and Sarah Hunt (presumably her parents) and James Butters (perhaps his father, maybe widowed by then?)
The Morning Post reported that Thomas was with the firm of Candler and Butters (Princes Street, Leicester Square) and Elizabeth was 2nd daughter of J Hunt Esq of Westminster.
Candler and Butters, grocers of Princes Square, Leicester Square
Candler and Butters was operating as early as 1813. On 13 October 1813, 35 penny pieces and 50 halfpence [totalling 5 Shillings] were stolen from Samuel Chandler [sic] and Thomas Butters, grocers, in Princes Street, Soho. The culprits (William Duffett, and Joseph Hearner, both 18) were sentenced to be transported for 7 years. https://www.dhi.ac.uk/san/ob/1810s/181310270067.gif
The London Gazette of 21 June 1814 listed Candler and Butters, grocers, Princes Street St James as creditors of Thomas Smith, subscription and coffee-room keeper, late of the Carlton Rooms, Princes Street, Leicester Square, and formerly of the Kent and Essex Tavern, Whitechapel (Middlesex), now in his Majesty’s gaol of Newgate.
According to the London Gazette of 26 June 1821, Samuel Candler and Thomas Butters determined and dissolved their copartnership as Grocers and Confectioners, No 44, Princes-Street, Saint James’s, Westminster, by mutual consent on Saturday 23 June 1821.
1841-1844
The 1841 census shows Thomas (50, a confectioner) and Elizabeth (45) with children John (16, tobacconist), Elizabeth (14) and Ann (7) in Tufton Yard, Tufton Street (St John the Evangelist, Westminster).
Thomas Butters (53, confectioner) died at 3 am on 24 October 1844 at 52 Great Felton [?] Street. The cause was apoplexy, 1st attack, 18 hours. Informant: John Butters, present at the death, 59 Rochester Street [illegible words underneath] Thomas Butters (53), of 52 Marsham Street (St John, Westminster) was buried on 30 November 1844 at All Souls, Kensal Green (west London).
After 1844
Elizabeth might be a 51-year-old widowed nurse (born in London) who in 1851 was at 8 South Grove, Peckham (southeast London) in a household headed by Alexander Booke Mills (a Scotch and Manchester warehouseman).
Elizabeth Butters [nee Hunt] of 54 Red Lion Street (Clerkenwell) died on 24 February 1858. (Her daughter Ann had been lodging at 54 Red Lion Street in 1851). Probate was granted to Thomas Ebenezer Hunt, son.
Thomas Butters and Elizabeth Hunt’s children
Thomas and Elizabeth’s children were:
- Thomas Ebenezer Butters (1817-1909)
- Sarah Elizabeth Butters (1820-1903)
- John Butters (1825-1858)
- Elizabeth Butters (1827-1896)
- Emma Butters (1829-1920)
- Ann Butters (1834-1881)
Thomas Ebenezer Butters (1817-1909)
In 1841, a Thomas Butters (20, manufacturer of plate glass) and Emma Butters (10) [presumably his sister] were in Basing Place, Lambeth (south London) with female servant Helen Artley (20).
Marriage to Ann Jones
Thomas Ebenezer Butters married Ann Jones on 6 April 1844 at Christ Church, Southwark (central London). The groom was an optician of 52 York Road, son of Thomas Butter, confectioner. Ann (of 138, Fleet Street) was a daughter of George Jones (mason). Bride and groom were of full age and single and signed with their names, as did the witnesses (William Simmons, Elizabeth Simmons and Sarah Simmons).
In 1851, Thomas (optician, parallel glass worker) and Ann (born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire) were at 4 Belvedere Crescent (Lambeth) with 3 children and with Thomas’s sister Sarah (no occupation listed, born St Anne Soho) and brother John (wholesale tobacconist’s warehouseman, Westminster St James).
Thomas and Ann had 3 children: Eleanor (1847-1915); Caroline (1849-?); and Thomas Edwin (1851-1936).
2nd marriage
Ann Jones died in 1860 and was buried in Norwood Cemetery, Lambeth [south London]. In 1864, Thomas remarried, to Clara Evenett:
- Ada Florence Butters was born on 14 February 1865 at 4 Belvedere Crescent, daughter of Thomas Ebenezer Butter (optician (master)) and Clara Butters (formerly Evennett), informant: Thomas E Butters, father, 4 Belvedere Crescent, Belvedere Road (Lambeth).
- Clara Butters (34) of Belvedere Crescent, Belvedere Road (Lambeth) was buried at Norwood cemetery on 2 June 1866.
Address and occupation
Thomas lived at: 4 Belvedere Crescent (Lambeth) (1851, 1861, 1871), then in Putney (west London) at 16 Victoria Road (1881, 1891) and then 2 Redgrave Road (1901).
His occupation was said to be optician (1851, 1871) or parallel glass worker (1881, 1891) but by 1901, he was ‘living on own means’. He was employing 2 men in 1871 and 1881. The family had a female servant in 1871, 1881 and 1891 (different women in each case).
Thomas (still of 2 Redgrave Road, Putney) died on 1 April 1909 and probate was granted to Ada Florence Butters [daughter] and Henry Smyth Stacy, printer. His effects were £4,186 17 s 5 d.
Sarah Elizabeth Butters (1820-1903)
Sarah Elizabeth Butters (1820-1903) never married. She lived in the same household as her brother Thomas Ebenezer Butters (1817-1909) until her death.
Sarah Elizabeth Butters of Faskally [?], Redgrave Road, Putney (Surrey) died on 11 December 1903 and was buried on 17 December at Norwood cemetery. Probate was granted to Thomas Ebenezer Butters [her brother] and Ada Florence Butters [niece].
John Butters (1825-1858)
John (a tobacconist) was with his parents Thomas and Elizabeth in 1841. In 1851, he was a wholesale tobacconist’s warehouse man, living with his brother Thomas Ebenezer (and Thomas’s wife and children) and their sister Sarah.
John, a tobacconist (late of 146 Leadenhall Street, city of London) died on 28 August 1858 at 7 Englefield Road, Kingsland, Middlesex. Probate was granted to his brother, Thomas Ebenezer Hunt (parallel glass worker, of 4 Belvedere Crescent, Belvedere Road, Lambeth). John was buried at Norwood cemetery on 3 September 1858, aged 33.
Elizabeth Butters (1827-1896)
In 1851, Elizabeth was visiting Rebekah Glenn (72, born in St Mark’s, Lincoln; proprietor of houses and annuitant) at 10 Tufton Street. Tufton Street was where Thomas and Elizabeth Butters and 3 of their children (including Elizabeth) had been in 1841, and Rebekah was also there in 1841.
1861 Elizabeth (a tobacconist’s assistant) was with her married sister Ann (and Ann’s husband and child) and widowed sister Emma (a shop woman) at 117 Packington Street, Islington.
After 1861, Elizabeth was a domestic servant (cook):
- with Francis Gompertz (48, architect) and his wife at 36 Bessborough Street, Westminster (1871)
- with Francis’s brother Richard J Gompertz at Marquis Villas, St Margarett’s Road, Isleworth (west London). Richard was a British subject born in France and living on income from dividends (1881) or ‘on his own means’ (1891).
The death of an Elizabeth Butters (70) was registered in Wandsworth in 1896.
Richard Gompertz died in 1900 and the 1901 census shows Marquis Villas occupied by Francis Gompertz and his wife (and their domestic servants).
Emma Butters (1829-1920)
Emma Butters married Bene Hood (1814-1855) at St John the Evangelist, Lambeth on 7 October 1847. His father Bene Hood (baker), her father Thomas Butters, grocer. Both single of full age and of [illegible] Street. All signed with names. Witnesses [illegible] and Elizabeth Hohne [?].
In 1851, Bene Hood (a baker, born in Newington, Surrey) and Emma were in Walworth (south London) with 2 young sons (William and Walter).
After Bene Hood’s death in 1855, the widowed Emma was:
- in 1861, a shop woman with married sister Ann (and Ann’s husband and child) and widowed sister Emma at 117 Packington Street, Islington.
- in 1871 matron at Royal Hospital for Deformities, 315 Oxford Street (central London). It looks as though this was one of the forerunners of the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, but I haven’t been able to confirm this. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_National_Orthopaedic_Hospital
- in 1881 Matron of Borough Hospital, Western Road, Birmingham (Warwickshire). It seems this hospital was opened in 1852 as part of the Birmingham Union Workhouse, later becoming the Workhouse Infirmary, Dudley Road Hospital and then City Hospital.
- in 1891, lodging-house keeper with daughter Hannah Elizabeth Hood (assistant) at 5 Wellington Road, Deal (Kent).
- in 1901, possibly Emma Hood, 73, born in NK [not known], London, occupation: ‘small means’, lodging at 162 Great College Street, St Pancras. [Hannah Elizabeth Hood not found in 1901]
- in 1911 at Eversleigh, Ravenscourt Park, Deal, letting apartments with Hannah (whose occupation was ‘upholstery-work’).
The death of Emma Hood (age 91) was registered in 1920 in Eastry (Kent, the registration district which includes Deal).
In 1921 Hannah Elizabeth Hood (69, apartment letting) was at 9 Ravenscroft Road (Deal) with visitors [her nieces] Lillian Louisa Hood (39, dress maker) and Ada Elizabeth Hood (38, upholsterer)
Ann Butters (1834-1881)
In 1851, Ann was lodging at 54 Red Lion Street with Leopold Amelang and family. (Ann’s mother Elizabeth was living at that address when she died in 1858).
Ann married John (or Johann) Ludwig Frank (1826-1873) at All Saints, Lower Marsh, Leake Street, Lambeth (Surrey) on 26 October 1858. He was a pocket book maker of 146 Leadenhall Street, son of John Ludwig Frank, glazier. Her father: grocer. Her residence: Belvedere Crescent. Witnesses Thomas E Butters and Sarah Butters. All signed with names.
In 1861, with husband (tobacconist, pocket book maker, born in Germany) and oldest child, and with her married sister Ann and widowed sister Emma (a shop woman) and unmarried sister Elizabeth (tobacconist’s assistant) at 117 Packington Street, Islington.
In 1871 Ann and Johann Ludwig (fancy leather maker) were at 24 Tibberton Square (Islington) with 3 children. The widowed Ann (a bottler of chemicals) was still at 24 Tibberton Square in 1881 with the 3 children: Charles (a clerk), Louisa (artificial flower mounter) and Herbert (carpenter).
The death of Ann Frank (47) was registered in Islington in 1881.
Notes on identifying this family
For the following reasons, I am confident that Thomas and Elizabeth Butters and Elizabeth discussed in this post are Thomas Butters (1790-1844) and Elizabeth Hunt (1796-1858), and that the 6 children are all theirs:
- birth records for the couple’s 1st and 2nd children (Thomas Ebenzer Butters on 8 September 1817 in Carlisle Street, parish of St Ann Soho) and Sarah Elizabeth Butters on 22 March 1820 in Frith Street (also St Ann Soho) describe Elizabeth Butters as daughter of John and Sarah Hunt.
- Thomas is consistently described as grocer and /or confectioner in the baptism records (1817, 1820) and marriage certificates of his children.
- the grants of probate to Thomas Elizabeth Butters for his mother Elizabeth and brother John (both in 1858) describe him as Elizabeth’s son and John’s brother.
- Thomas, Elizabeth and 3 of their children (Elizabeth, John, Ann) were all together in 1841.
- In 1861, 3 of the children (married Ann, widowed Emma and single Elizabeth) were all together. And Sarah Elizabeth (who never married) was with her brother Thomas Ebenezer from at least 1851 for at least 50 years.
DNA
I have a small DNA match (1 segment of 16 centiMorgans) with a 3x great grandchild of Emma Butters (1929-1920) and Bene Hood. That 3x great grandchild also shares DNA matches:
- of 32 cM (a segment of 21 cM and a segment of 11 cM) with a descendant of my 2x great grandparents William John Butters (1843-1906) and Emma Elizabeth Cummings (1862-1946).
- of one segment of 23 cM with a descendant of my 3x great grandparents James David Butters (abt 1814 -1855) and Esther Ann Withers (abt 1815-1885), through their daughter Sarah Elizabeth Butters (1852-1923).
I have discussed before whether this Sarah Elizabeth Butters could be related to Sarah Elizabeth Butters (1820-1903), daughter of Thomas Butters (1790-1844. https://birdsofcressingham.wordpress.com/2025/01/03/two-women-called-sarah-elizabeth-butters/
It is conventional to measure the length of segments of DNA in centiMorgans (cM). If a matching segment is more than 10cM-20cM, it is quite likely to be inherited from a common ancestor only a few generations back.
No other ancestors of the 3x great grandchild of Emma Butters (1829-1920) have any obvious links with my ancestors. So, I presume the shared DNA—shared by that person, by me and by the 2 descendants of my 3x great grandfather James David Butters—comes from some ancestor shared by Emma’s father (Thomas Butters,1790-1844) and by James David Butters.
Who was Thomas Butters’s father and was he related to my ancestors?
The DNA links above suggest that Thomas Butters (1790-1844) was related (maybe closely) to my 3x great grandfather James David Butters (abt 1814-1855).
Thomas Butters
Thomas Butters was born in 1787-1791 (according to the 1841 census) or 1790-91 (according to a bishop’s transcript of the death register). He may be a Thomas Butters who received a Baptist baptism on 14 December 1790, son of James Butters (died 1821) a brazier of St Mary Le Bone (Marylebone, central London) and his wife Mary, who were living in Marylebone Lane. James and Mary were perhaps James Butter and Mary Jones who were married at St James, Piccadilly on 29 April 1779. https://birdsofcressingham.wordpress.com/2021/08/24/will-of-james-butters-brazier-1821/
Thomas Butters (1790-1844) had an elder brother James, born to James and Mary on 21 February 1785. Their births are recorded in the parish register of Christchurch Baptist church Southwark.
Church Street Baptist meeting house
The cover sheet for the birth register describes it as the register for the Church Street Baptist meeting house, founded in 1785, with the register kept by Mr Upton from the Church’s foundation in 1785 until his death in 1843. A note inside the register describes it as the Baptist Church meeting in Green Walk, in the parish of Christ Church Surrey, under the pastoral care of James Upton. https://www.rootschat.com/forum/index.php?topic=897228
James Upton was for 48 years from 1786 (until his death in 1834) pastor of the Baptist church, Church Street (then called Green Walk), Blackfriars Road, London. https://www.baptists.net/history/2023/07/the-life-and-ministry-of-james-upton/
James David Butters
My 3 x great grandfather James David Butters was born around 1815 and died in 1855. Zinc worker who died young – Birds of Cressingham
James may have been James David Butters, who was baptised on 10 October 1814 at St James Piccadilly (central London). The parents were James (chimney improver) and Ann Butters, living in Market Row. I discuss below the following people who might be James Butters (the chimney improver):
- James Butters (baptised 1785), son of James and Mary Butters
- James Butters (abt 1779-1838)
- James Butters (1785-1837), who married Rebecca Hammersley in 1820
- James Butters, who married Elizabeth Cordell in 1807
- James Butters, who married Ann Thomas in 1797
James Butters (baptised 1785), son of James and Mary Butters
James Butters was baptised in 1785 and was brother of the Thomas Butters (1790-1844) discussed in this post. The following facts make it plausible that he could have been James David Butters’s father:
- his age: he would have been about 29 when James David Butters was baptised;
- the DNA matches between (a) a descendant Thomas Butters (1790-1844) and (b) me, and 2 other descendants of James David Butters.
- James David Butters’s middle name: James Butters (baptised 1785) and Thomas Butters (1790-1844) had a short-lived brother David (1787-89). Perhaps he is commemorated in the boy’s middle name. (Middle names were not yet very common in the early 19th century and David doesn’t seem to be a particularly common name.)
The father of this James and Thomas was also James Butters, probably James Butters a brazier who died in 1821. It is just about possible that James Butters the brazier had a 2nd wife called Ann and that they together had a son in 1814 (James David Butters). If so, that would explain the DNA matches. On the other hand, James’s will mentions a son James but not a son James David—it seems likely that James senior would have mentioned James David if James David was his son.
James Butters (abt 1779-1838)
James Butters (59) of 3 Princes Court, Whitcomb Street, died on 25 June 1838 of consumption. The informant was [the mark of] Elizabeth Pullen, 3 Princes Court, present at the death.
Whitcomb street runs north from Pall Mall, running just southwest of the southwest corner of Leicester Square. In 1816 and up until 1821, Thomas Butters (1790-1844) and his partner Samuel Candler were running the grocery firm of Candler and Butters in Princes Street, Leicester Square.
I haven’t been able to track down the exact location of Princes Street (Leicester Square) and Princes Court (Whitcombs Street), but they were presumably close to each other. Perhaps their proximity is another clue that Thomas Butters was a brother of James Butters (1779-1838).
Elizabeth Pullen
The person who registered the death of James Butters (1779-1838) was Elizabeth Pullin [or Pullen] of Princes Court. The 1841 census shows Elizabeth Pullen (55) and William Pullin (60, bootmaker) in Princes Court. Where they related to James Butters?
The 1851 and 1861 censuses say William was born in Petworth (Sussex) in 1779 and the 1851 census says Elizabeth was born in Amberston (Derbyshire—possibly Ambaston or Embaston) in 1780. Possible marriages are to Elizabeth Spencer in St Ann (Soho) in 1805 and Elizabeth Wright in St Martin on the Fields (1827).
I don’t know of any connection between James Butters and William or Elizabeth Pullin.
James Butters (1785-1837), who married Rebecca Hammersley in 1820
James Butters (1785-1837) married Rebecca Hammersley in 1820 at St Martin in the Fields (central London).
The parish register of marriages and banns doesn’t record whether James and Rebecca were single or widowed. If James was widowed, perhaps he was the same man whose son James David Butters (son of Ann) was baptised in Piccadilly in 1814.
The following facts make it plausible that James Butters (1785-1837) could have been James David Butters’s father:
- his age: he would have been about 29 when James David Butters was baptised;
- his birth date: according to the death records, he was born in 1785, which means he could be James and Mary Butter’s son baptised in that year.
On the other hand, one important fact makes it seem unlikely that James Butters (1785-1837) was James David Butters’s father. Rebecca Hammersley and a James Butters had a short-lived son James Hammersley Butters in 1812, 8 years before their marriage.
If this was the same couple, it seems unlikely that the same James Butters had a son (James David Butters) with another woman (Ann) in 1814—2 years after the birth of James Hammersley Butters and 8 years before James’s marriage to Rebecca. https://birdsofcressingham.wordpress.com/2021/08/24/will-of-james-butters-brazier-1821/
James Butters, who married Ann Thomas in 1797
James and Ann Butters might be James Butters (a widower of St Mary-le-Bone) and Ann Thomas who married at Christ Church, Southwark on 12 February 1797 by licence. I don’t know where Ann was living and I know nothing about James’s 1st wife.
The following facts contradict the idea that James and Ann Butters were the couple who married in 1797:
- James David Butters wasn’t baptised until 17 years after that marriage and I have found no other child of James and Ann Butters. It seems unlikely that they had no children in 17 years. Of course, they could have had earlier children who died young, but it seems reasonable to assume that I would have come across some record of at least one earlier child if they existed.
- Thomas Butters’ brother James was baptised in 1785. He would have been about 29 in 1814, so he could be the father of James David Butters. But it is unlikely that he married Ann Thomas in 1797, when he would have been about 12.
James Butters, who married Elizabeth Cordell
A James Butters married Elizabeth Cordell at St Andrew Holborn on 29 March 1807. Perhaps he was one or more of the following people:
Conclusions
In the light of the information discussed above:
- it seems likely that Thomas Butters (1790-1844) was a son of James Butters (died 1821) a brazier of Marylebone and his wife Mary. It seems plausible that this couple were James Butter [sic] and Mary Jones who married in Piccadilly in 1779.
- it seems likely that Thomas Butters (1790-1844) was related to my 3x great grandfather James David Butters (abt 1814-1855).
- it seems likely that James David Butters (abt 1814-1855) was the son of James Butters (a chimney improver) and Ann Butters, baptised in Piccadilly in 1814. It is plausible that James Butters (the chimney improver) was the brother of Thomas Butters (1790-1844), James Butters (baptised in Southwark in 1785).
- James Butters (the chimney improver) may be James Butters (abt 1779-1838) who died in Princes Court, Whitcomb Street in 1838.
- it seems unlikely that James Butters (the chimney improver) was the James Butters (1785-1837) who married Rebecca Hammersley in 1820 and who seems to have had a short-lived son (James Hammersley Butters) with her in 1812.
- it seems highly unlikely that the James Butters (widower of St Mary-le-Bone) who married Ann Thomas in Southwark in 1797 was any of the following people:
(a) the son (baptised in 1785) of James Butters and Mary Jones;
(b) James Butters (1785-1837); or
(c) James Butters (the chimney improver) whose wife Ann was the mother of James David Butters (baptised in 1814).
- James Butters who married Elizabeth Cordell in Holborn 1807 could have been the same person as any of the other men discussed in this post, but I know nothing else about James and Elizabeth.
- perhaps James Butters (the chimney improver) was not any of the other people discussed in this post. I have not (yet) found any records of any other James Butters living in London around 1814.
Overall, the most likely hypothesis seems to be that:
- my 3 x great grandfather James David Butters (abt 1814-1855) was baptised in Picadilly in 1814, son of James Butters (chimney improver) and Ann.
- James Butters (chimney improver) was a son of James Butters and Mary Jones, and brother of Thomas Butters (1790-1837). He may be the 59-year-old man who died in Princes Court, Whitcomb Street in 1838.
Follow up
I would like to find some evidence that helps answer the following questions:
- were any other boys called James David Butters born in London around 1814?
- were any men called James Butters (apart from the men discussed in those post) in London around 1814?
- what was the maiden name of Ann (mother of James David Butters), when and where did she marry James Butters (the chimney improver) and where and when was she born?
- where did James and Ann Butters live before and after 1814, and did they have any other children?
- who was the James Butters (59) who died in Princes Court, Whitcomb Street in 1838?
- what happened to James Butters and Ann Thomas after their marriage in 1797?
- who was the James Butters who married Elizabeth Cordell in 1807 and what happened to them after their marriage?
- the Poor Law Committee for St James Piccadilly ordered 7 shillings to be paid to James Butters between 14 and 28 November 1821. Who was he?
It would also be helpful to get more DNA evidence from:
– further people getting their DNA tested; and/or
– people uploading their Ancestry DNA test results to Gedcom, to show the precise location of the DNA matches (which chromosome(s) and which places on the chromosome(s)). Uploads to Gedcom are free.
Even better information is possible by using My Heritage (rather than Gedcom). Unfortunately, My Heritage recently stopped accepting uploads from Ancestry, so the only way to make use of My Heritage is now to buy a test from them.